There are several differences in the items you listed.  For starters, some are communications electical standards, or media, and some are communications protocols.  Ethernet and RS232 are not protocols, but merely the electrical media that protocols pass over.  DH485 is a serial protocol that uses the RS485 electrical standard.  DF1 would be an A/B protocol that uses the RS232 electrical standard as it's media.  One distinct difference is that RS232 is only point-to-point, while RS485 can be multi-point in a master/slaves network. 

The difference you may be looking for is the difference between ethernet and serial communications electrical standards.  They really have more in common with each other than differences.  For starters, they all use 1's and 0's, or highs and lows over electrical wires, to transfer data.  Ethernet is similar to RS485 in that it uses differential wiring to send it's 1's and 0's (while RS232 only uses one wire for RX and TX), but it's more efficient because it relies more on the hardware standard (hubs, switches) to determine whats bits go where (very simplified).   Remember that Ethernet is only an electrical standard or media for passing information; you'll never get any information over ethernet unless both sides of the connection have agreed on a protocol.  As you read this, your computer and the internet have agreed on the http protocol to give you this post over the ethernet electrical standard

More later...........